윤석열 비상계엄 친위 쿠데타 요약 정리, Summary of Yoon Suk-yeol's palace coup, martial law in Korea

12월 05, 2024

국회 국방위원회를 통해 알게 된 사실을 정리하였다.

2024년 12월 3일 오후 10시 30분 윤석열이 야당의원들을 반국가세력으로 선언하고 비상계엄을 선포, 계엄군은 중앙선거관리위원회를 점령하고, 국회를 공격했다.

- 야당이 예산안 통과에 협조하지 않았고(ex: 대왕고래 석유 시추 프로젝트), 명품백 게이트가 있는 김건희를 보위하던 감사원장 등을 탄핵함.

중앙선거관리위원회 점령

- 국회보다 먼저 점령함. 점령 이유: 야당이 다수당이 된 것이 부정선거라 믿고 방첩사 IT 요원들을 통해 선관위 서버를 조사하려는 목적.

- 국회 해산에 대한 법률이 없으므로 부정선거를 근거로 국회의원 체포를 정당화 하려 했을 것 이라는 추측

- 일부 방첩사 요원들의 명령 거부로 국군정보사령부가 대신 투입된 정황 있음

국회 공격, 국회의원 체포 미수

- 707특수임무단, 특전사들이 헬기로 국회안에 침투 국회를 봉쇄하고, 방첩사령부가 국회의원을 체포하려 했으나 실패.

- 서울 비행금지구역 통과를 공군 협조를 받아야 하여 48분간 지연되어 계엄군보다 국회의원이 먼저 국회에 도착할 수 있었음. 본래 계획대로면 계엄군이 먼저 국회를 점령하고 아무도 못 들어가게 봉쇄, 방첩사령부와 경찰이 국회의원들을 체포하여 군사기밀시설 B1 벙커에 수감하려는 계획이었음.

- 707과 1공수여단은 국회에서 국회의원 포함 사람들을 밖으로 끌어내라는 임무를 맡음. 현장 사령관은 뭔가 이상함을 감지하고 민간인과 큰 마찰을 피하도록 하고, 실탄을 가져갔으나 병사들에게 나눠주지 않음. 다만 707은 국회 본회의장에 진입하려고 했으나 바리케이트를 만난 후에는 물러남.

- 방첩사(옛 기무사) 체포조 100여명이 사복 차림으로 국회에 배치되어 있었음. 707특전사들은 체포용 케이블타이를 소지하고 있었음.

- 국군 수도병원은 다수의 환자 발생을 가정한 훈련을 진행하였음.

- 국회경비단 및 경찰은 국회의원의 국회 출입을 막음. 일부 국회의원은 경찰이 없는 곳에서 몰래 담장을 넘어 국회 안으로 들어감

- 서울 동부구치소에 독방을 많이 만들라는 지시가 있었고, 선관위 연수원도 점령하여 다수 사람들을 수감할 준비를 함.

- 국가정보원 1차장이 방첩사가 체포하려했던 일부 명단을 공개함. 국회의장, 여당 야당 총수 및 정부에 비판적인 언론인 등이 포함되었음. 1차장은 방첩사를 돕기로 명령받았지만 수행하지 않음.

- 국회에서 벌어진 군사작전은 국방장관이 현장지위관에게 직접 지시를 했으며, 윤석열은 적어도 1차례 직접 전화하여 현황을 물었음.

- 현장에서 일부 병사들이 국회에서 군중들이 격렬하게 저항하자 "아무것도 하지마" 라고 말하거나, 군용 차량 진입 중 "너무 위험해서 후진해" 라고 하는 등 소극적으로 진행함.

계엄법에 따르면 국회는 계엄을 해제할 수 있는 유일한 헌법기관으로 계엄으로는 어떠한 형태의 제한을 가할 수 없음. 계엄으로 국회를 공격하는 것은 내란죄 및 위헌이다. 전두환도 내란죄 선고 이유 중 하나로 국회를 봉쇄하여 헌법기관의 업무를 방해한 혐의가 있음.

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Summary of Findings from the National Assembly Defense Committee

On December 3, 2024, at 10:30 PM, President Yoon Suk-yeol declared the opposition lawmakers as an “anti-state force” and announced martial law. Martial law forces subsequently seized the National Election Commission (NEC) and attacked the National Assembly.

Context:

The opposition party had refused to cooperate in passing the budget bill (e.g., the "Great Whale Oil Drilling Project") and had impeached key figures, such as the Board of Audit and Inspection chairman, who had been protecting First Lady Kim Kun-hee amid the “Luxury Bag Gate” scandal.

Seizure of the National Election Commission

The NEC was occupied before the National Assembly.
Reason for seizure: The martial law forces believed that the opposition’s majority status in the National Assembly was the result of election fraud. Their objective was to investigate the NEC’s servers using IT specialists from Defense Counterintelligence Command (DCC).
It is speculated that, since there is no legal provision for dissolving the National Assembly, the justification for arresting lawmakers was likely based on allegations of election fraud.
There are indications that Korea Defense Intelligence Command (KDIC) was deployed to replace some DCC operatives who refused to follow orders.

Attack on the National Assembly and Attempted Arrest of Lawmakers

The 707th Special Mission Group and Special Forces infiltrated the National Assembly via helicopter to seal it off. Defense Counterintelligence Command attempted to arrest lawmakers but failed.
The operation was delayed by 48 minutes due to the need for Air Force cooperation to bypass Seoul’s no-fly zone, allowing lawmakers to reach the National Assembly before the martial law forces. According to the original plan, the martial law forces were to occupy the Assembly first, seal it off entirely, and have the DCC and police arrest lawmakers and detain them in a classified military facility, the B1 bunker.
The 707th and the 1st Airborne Brigade were tasked with removing lawmakers and other individuals from the National Assembly. The field commander, sensing irregularities, instructed his troops to avoid significant clashes with civilians. Although live ammunition was brought on-site, it was not distributed to the soldiers. However, the 707th attempted to break through the Assembly’s main hall but retreated after encountering barricades.
About 100 undercover operatives from the DCC were stationed inside the National Assembly. Members of the 707th Special Mission Group were equipped with cable ties for arrests.
The Capital Military Hospital conducted drills simulating a mass casualty scenario.
The National Assembly Guard and police blocked lawmakers from entering the National Assembly. Some lawmakers secretly climbed over the fence at locations without police presence to enter the building.
There were orders to prepare many solitary cells at Seoul Eastern Detention Center. Additionally, the NEC training center was seized to prepare for detaining a large number of individuals.
The First Deputy Director of the National Intelligence Service (NIS) revealed part of the list of individuals targeted for arrest by the DCC. The list included the Speaker of the National Assembly, leaders of both the ruling and opposition parties, and journalists critical of the government. Although the deputy director was ordered to assist the DCC, he refused to comply.
The military operation at the National Assembly was directly commanded by the Minister of National Defense, who issued instructions to the field commander. Additionally, Yoon Suk-yeol personally called at least once to inquire about the situation.
On-site, some soldiers responded passively when faced with strong resistance from the crowd at the National Assembly. They were heard saying, "Do nothing," or, during the entry of military vehicles, "It's too dangerous, back up."

Legal and Constitutional Violations

Under the Martial Law Act, the National Assembly is the only constitutional body with the authority to lift martial law and cannot be restricted by martial law. Attacking the National Assembly constitutes treason and a violation of the Constitution. Even former President Chun Doo-hwan was convicted of treason for similar actions, including obstructing the National Assembly’s operations by surrounding it with military forces.

날아라~